In this paper, we propose and analyze a coupled ring resonator based modulator, in which only one ring resonator is driven, which is heavily overcoupled to the waveguide to increase operation speed. Temperature sensor based on optical ring resonator has been demonstrated with its constituent material as silicon sifiber and germanium gefiber in this work. The optical detection is based on a change of an optical signal within the sensing element, while matter is near its surface 17 20. In summary, we report the sensitive aircoupled detection of ultrasound wave using capillarybased optical ring resonators, with an nep of 215 mpavhz and 41. Ring resonator simulated in lumerical mode solutions. Niobate on insulator lnoi harsh kumar1, vijay janyani1, buryy oleh2, ubizskii serhij2, sugak dmytro2, ghanshyam singh1. Pdf resonance wavelength of integrated optical ring. Rp photonics encyclopedia optical resonators, cavities. In this chapter, theoretical analysis and electro optical characterization of a fiber optic passive ring resonator interferometer foprri were realized. Optical trapping and manipulating with a silica microring resonator.
A split ring resonator srr is an artificially produced structure common to metamaterials. Optical ring resonator filter model 2d and 3d fdtd and fetd simulations with omnisim software. Then, we will introduce a nanogap in the ring resonator to enhance the sensitivity of the resonator. Combinational logic has been realized based on all optical switching with iiiv semiconductor ring resonators. The optical transfer function for through port of silicononinsulator panda ring resonator is derived by using graphical approach with a signal flow graph sfg in the zdomain. A generic ring resonator consists of an optical waveguide which is looped back on itself, such that a resonance occurs when the optical path length of the resonator is exactly a whole number of. The included labels refer to central parameters describing the performance of each resonator. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of two structures of optical ring resonators, i allpass and ii adddrop resonators for sensing applications. Crosstalk and signal integrity in ring resonator based optical adddrop multiplexers for wavelengthdivisionmultiplexing networks by riyadh dakhil mansoor, b. The concepts behind optical ring resonators are the same as those. Fiberoptic ring resonator interferometer intechopen. We find nontrivial gaps and edge states at the interface between regions with different topological invariants. Optical ring resonator notch filter comsol multiphysics. The optical ring resonator is located next to a waveguide guiding.
Resonance asymmetry phenomenon in waveguidetype optical. We also demonstrate tunable optical true time group delay via a fiber ring resonator and show that a high finesse is unnecessary. In this paper, an overview of the optical ring resonators operation principle, fabrication and applications is presented. When an input gaussian beam is improperly aligned and modematched to a stable optical resonator. The ont converts fiberoptic light signals to copperelectric signals. An optical ring resonator made in silicon on insulator waveguides soi was entirely simulated with the photon design mode solver fimmwave and its 3d propagation tool fimmprop. Optical ring resonator filter model fdtd simulation with. Integration of an optical ring resonator biosensor into a. Soref sensors directorate, air force research laboratory, afrlsnhc, hanscom air force base, ma 017312909. All optical nor and nand gate based on nonlinear photonic.
If the propagation length around the ring is an integral number of wavelengths. Osa topological photonic crystal fibers and ring resonators. The resonator length and group index is used to set the free spectral range fsr and loss of the ring resonator. Pdf analysis of optical ring resonator researchgate. Tsigaridas1 department of physics, school of applied mathematical and physical sciences, national technical university of athens, zografou campus, gr15780 zografou, athens, greece abstract in this work the behavior of optical micro ring resonators.
The waveguides are placed close to each other, making the light affect each between the two structures. Ring resonators find applications not only in optical networks, but also as sensors. Modes of the cavity possess a standingwave structure along the axis, so the cavity supports a set of longitudinal modes separated in frequency by a free spectral range fsr of c2d where c is the speed of light. Us8396337b2 ring resonator based optical isolator and. In general, ring resonators can be designed and fabricated in two models. The microstrip ring resonator for characterising microwave. Silicon microring resonators photonics research group. Aircoupled ultrasound detection using capillarybased.
Three wavelengths of light are used between the ont and the olt optical line terminal. A lattice of optical ring resonators can exhibit a topological insulator phase, with the role of spin played by the direction of propagation of light within each ring. We describe a new and highly effective optical frequency discriminator and laser stabilization system. Pdf optical ring resonator as an optical filter and optical switch.
A computersimulated ring resonator depicting continuous wave input at resonance. Previously, these structures are used for slow light or nonlinear optics. First, a theoretical description and analysis of allpass and adddrop filter configurations were performed, hence obtaining their respective transfer function, taking into account, the physical properties of a standard singlemode optical. Ring resonator with low waveguide loss 1 can be used an allpass filter with phase delay. In general a ring resonator consists of a looped optical waveguide and. A ring resonator is composed of a siliconbased waveguide on top of a buried oxide substrate. Transfer function input port ring resonator free spectral range output waveguide these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Their purpose is to produce the desired magnetic susceptibility magnetic response in various types of metamaterials up to 200 terahertz. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. These can be, but are not limited to being, waveguides.
N 2 o concentration is deduced using a nonlinear least squares. Pdf microring resonators mrr define as filters with characteristics similar to fabryperot filters. An optical ring resonator is a set of waveguides in which at least one is a closed loop coupled to some sort of light input and output. We report the initial evaluation of a midinfrared qclcoupled silicononsapphire ring resonator gas sensor. Another optical fiber can be used to couple light into the ring. The design and fabrication of racetrack ring resonator has been carried out. Its characteristics have been measured and confirmed good agreement with the simulation. Figure 1 shows a fabryperot optical resonator created by aligning two highly reflective mirrors at separation d measured along the cavity axis. Sensing nitrous oxide with qclcoupled silicononsapphire. The second model is integrated optical structures which is created by integrated optics technology.
Crosstalk and signal integrity in ring resonator based. A study on refractive index sensors based on optical micro. When the ring is an integer number of wavelengths long, a standing wave pattern is set up, and the ring displays resonant characteristics. Optical ring resonators wikipedia republished wiki 2. Pdf resonance wavelength of integrated optical ring resonator. First model is optical fiber configuration in which a ring resonator can be realized by connecting both the ends of an optical fiber. Optical resonator analog of a twodimensional topological. Emphasis was given for their adddrop functionality in wavelength division.
Finite difference time domain and finite element time domain are ideal tools to model optical ring resonator filters and optical disk resonator filters of relatively small dimensions. The microstrip ring resonator was used extensively in the study of microstrip dispersion due to the ease of measuring the effective dielectric constant. Pdf analysis of optical ring resonator adddrop filters. Ring resonator filters do not require facets or gratings for optical feedback and are thus particularly suited for monolithic integration with other components. The next plan is to optimize the parameter of the racetrack resonator and apply to optical switch controlled by electric.
Optical ring resonator software cad simulations for soi. With an exact recursive approach, we study photonic crystal fibers and resonators with topological features induced by aubryandreharper cladding modulation. The concepts behind optical ring resonators are the same as those behind whispering galleries except that they use light and obey the properties behind constructive interference and total internal. At first, spectral behavior and sensitivity of an optical ring resonator in allpass and adddrop configurations are studied. In general, the light of a tunable laser or a superlumineszenzdiode is coupled to. A study on refractive index sensors based on optical micro ring resonators georgios n. By introducing magneto optical garnets with high faraday rotation and low optical loss in a ring resonator, a nonreciprocal phase shift is generated to split the resonance wavelengths of clockwise and counterclockwise modes under magnetic field. An optical resonator can be made from bulk optical components, as shown in figure 1, or as a waveguide resonator, where the light is guided rather than sent through free space bulk optical resonators are used for solidstate bulk lasers, for example. An ont optical network terminal is a media converter that is installed by verizon either outside or inside your premises, during fios installation. We demonstrate a robust and highly responsive optical microsensor, which probes the refractive index of liquids flowing along a 100. We propose a new configuration for sensing applications by introducing a nanogap in the allpass ring resonator.
Their transverse mode properties depend on the overall setup including the length of air spaces, and mode sizes can vary significantly along. It has been done through optical delay line signal processing technique in zdomain. Optical resonator definition at, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Optical biosensors based on silicononinsulator ring. Abstracta novel ring resonator based integrated photonic chip with ultra. The group indices of both the materials vary with the change in temperature due to the thermooptic effect in materials. Passive ring resonator microoptical gyroscopes iopscience. Ring resonators play an important role in the success of silicon photonics, because silicon enables ring resonators of an unprecedented small size. The ability to manipulate the optical phase of the individual frequency components of a signal is a powerful tool for optical. Optical resonator an overview sciencedirect topics. Optical microresonators are extensively described in literature 6, 14, 15. Optical filters are crucial passive components for modern optical. Design and fabrication of racetrack optical ring resonator. The waveguides are placed close to each other, making the.
Optical ring resonator based notch filter using lithium. Large change in phase at resonance introduces group delay optical buffer, dispersion compensation, delay for. Sensing is based on measurement of the transmission spectrum of the whispering gallery modes, which are excited across the liquid channel by an optical microfiber imbedded into the polymer. In its simplest form, an optical ring resonator consists of a straight waveguide and a ring waveguide. The optical filter, which has emerged in the last few years in integrated optics, is resonator based. These structures show topological protection against symmetrypreserving local perturbations that do not close the gap. Higherorder transverse modes and aperture effects are not considered.
Optical ring resonator 3d simulation with fimmwave and fimmprop software. Integrated ring resonators the compendium dominik g. Carrierinduced optical bistability in silicon ring resonators. In the last decade, most research effort in the area of micro optical gyros has been concentrated on a configuration that takes advantage of a singlemode passive ring resonator, which is usually fabricated using integrated optical. Another rapidly emerging class of miniaturized optical resonators, also exploiting the con. Optical resonator definition of optical resonator at. Resonance wavelength of integrated optical ring resonator with small radius of curvature. These media create the necessary strong magnetic coupling to an applied electromagnetic field, not otherwise available in conventional materials.
This work is focusing on photonic sensors based on optical ring resonators in a soitechnology. There are three main applications based on this nonreciprocal effect, optical isolators, optical circulators, and tunable optical filters. The ring resonator modulator model in interconnect is not documented very well. To further analyze and better design the resonator micro optic gyro rmog with a waveguidetype ring resonator, indepth research of the characteristics of the resonance asymmetry is fully developed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Optical adddrop filters based on photonic crystal ring. The dimensions of such micro optical gyros are comparable to those of micromechanical gyroscopes area of 10 to 100 mm2 and their sen. Expressions are derived for the stability parameter, spot size, and wave front curvature of a gaussian beam in a ring resonator containing up to four spherical mirrors unequally spaced. Optical ring resonator based temperature sensor springerlink. Optical transmission characteristics of fiber ring resonators. Fimmprop was used to model the coupling region and the fimmwave bend solvers were used to.
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